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The Donner und Blitzen River is a river on the eastern Oregon high desert which drains a relatively arid basin, the southern portion of Harney Basin, from roughly 20 to 80 miles (30 to 130 km) south-southeast of Burns including Malheur National Wildlife Refuge. Though much of its course is marsh, it offers scenic glaciated canyons, unique ecosystems, and exceptional wild trout fisheries. Named by soldiers of German origin, the Donner und Blitzen River translates as "thunder and lightning". The name brings to mind two of Santa Claus's reindeer, but the river is named for a thunderstorm the soldiers experienced as they crossed the river;〔 dry lightning is an almost daily occurrence in the region during certain times of the year. The Donner und Blitzen River arises as an intermittent stream on the lower slopes west of Steens Mountain at the level at , roughly south-southeast of Burns and northwest of Alvord Lake and empties at into Malheur Lake.〔〔 Numerous nearby springs create its tributaries including South Fork Blitzen River,〔The Geographic Names Information System (GNIS) of the United States Geological Survey (USGS) lists source and mouth coordinates for the Donner und Blitzen River that include the South Fork as part of the main stem. In this article, ''Donner und Blitzen River'' refers to the full length of the river between those sets of coordinates.〕 Little Blitzen River, Big Indian Creek, Little Indian Creek, Fish Creek, Mud Creek, and Ankle Creek. It collects these and runs north or northwest descending rapidly to the plateau floor then turns northward to Malheur Lake which has no outlet. It does not pass through any cities, though it comes within of Frenchglen. In 1988, of rivers in its basin were designated Wild and Scenic, and another were added in 2000.〔 The Oregon Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) lists seven temperature impairments on the river system. The maximum recorded flow of occurred on April 26, 1978, and was extrapolated from a calibrated value of . The minimum recorded flow occurred December 9, 1972, caused by widespread freezing.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 accessdate = August 8, 2006 )〕 == See also == * List of rivers of Oregon * List of longest streams of Oregon * List of National Wild and Scenic Rivers * Harney Basin 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Donner und Blitzen River」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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